Estimated positions, flagged as estimates — set against the anchored empires.
Each numbered marker links to its row in the event register below. Line-lane positions follow the narrative’s internal sequence hung on traditional chronology — they are estimates, and each carries an error bar — the window between the traditional chronologies (Ussher high, Seder Olam low), shifted by the narrative’s internal ages. The overlap of the bars is the honest picture: the whole lane slides together. Empire-lane bars show the ±64-year spread of the rival Mesopotamian chronology schemes (±25 for the Hyksos). Event 10’s bar runs off the chart edge and is drawn open.
How the grading reads. one amber dot: a single channel carries it, with no external corroboration. two green: two independent sources cross. three green: a contemporary inscription, coin or other object. Counted by distinct register entries, not by citations — two passages of one author are one source. Every entry on this page rests on a single channel and none is materially attested. There is no inscription, document or object naming Abraham, and register entry 23 records that absence as an entry in its own right. The Mesopotamian and Egyptian dates beside him come from king lists and are independent of him — they date the world he is placed in, not the man.
| № | Date | Lane | Event | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | c. 2000 BC | THE LINE | Abraham born in Ur of the Chaldees. Traditional datings range from 1996 BC (Ussher) to 1812 BC (Seder Olam); position shown is estimated. | 19.1.11 |
| 2 | c. 1925 BC | THE LINE | The call: Abram leaves Harran for Canaan, aged 75 in the text. | 19.1.12 |
| 3 | c. 1920 BC | THE LINE | Famine drives the household down to Egypt, and back. | 19.1.12 |
| 4 | c. 1910 BC | THE LINE | Ishmael born to Hagar; Abram 86 in the text. | 19.1.16 |
| 5 | c. 1897 BC | THE LINE | Isaac born to Sarah; Abraham 100 in the text. | 19.1.21 |
| 6 | c. 1880 BC | THE LINE | The binding of Isaac on Moriah. | 19.1.22 |
| 7 | c. 1860 BC | THE LINE | Sarah dies; Abraham buys the cave of Machpelah at Hebron from Ephron the Hittite — the first recorded land purchase of the line, price stated: 400 shekels of silver. | 19.1.23 |
| 8 | c. 1825 BC | THE LINE | Abraham dies at 175 in the text; Isaac and Ishmael together bury him at Machpelah. | 19.1.25 |
| 9 | c. 1800 BC | THE LINE | Jacob and Esau born to Isaac and Rebekah. | 19.1.25 |
| 10 | c. 1690 BC | THE LINE | Jacob’s house descends into Egypt under Joseph — seventy persons in the text; the patriarchal period closes. | 19.1.46 |
| 11 | 2004 BC | EMPIRES | Ur III falls to Elam; the last Sumerian state ends. The traditional Abraham is born into the generation of this collapse. | 21.1 |
| 12 | c. 1894 BC | EMPIRES | First Dynasty of Babylon founded under Sumu-abum. | 21.1 |
| 13 | 1792 BC | EMPIRES | Hammurabi takes the throne of Babylon (middle chronology; reigns to 1750). The law-stele empire rises east of Canaan. | 21.1 |
| 14 | c. 1650 BC | EMPIRES | Hyksos rule Lower Egypt (to c. 1550) — Semitic-speaking dynasts on the Nile in the era the descent narrative describes. | 22.1 |
Reference codes read source . work . passage against the master source register — 19.1.23 is source 19 (Genesis), work 1, chapter 23. Line-lane events state what the text says (“in the text”) and are dated by traditional chronology only; the machine layer carries them as inferred-traditional. The register cites the earliest attestation, not the most familiar one.
Numbers are master register numbers — permanent across the whole timelines project; the full register lives at the master source register.
Held as references, per the stream rule — the arguments live in the memos; the timeline states only what is attested and by whom.
Abraham’s three descent lines — Ishmael, Jacob, and Esau — and what they left: the Kaaba at Mecca, Judaism and Christianity, and Herod’s enclosure over the Cave of the Patriarchs at Hebron. Genesis, the Quran, and archaeology set side by side, kept separate.
Read →The verse translated as “a wild ass of a man” — the oldest Greek reads agroikos anthrōpos, a man of the open country. The words, the versions, the household, and the dated entry of the bias. Part 1 of Bias Found, Bias Removed.
Read →The office itself — what was granted at Noah and how it was allocated, how it passes father to son and almost never to the firstborn, what it claims over other kings, and the line traced from the flood to the Mahdi. First of seven memos on the covenant, which do not agree on a conclusion.
Read →This period is dated differently from every other page in this stream, and says so plainly. No contemporary attestation of Abraham exists — no inscription, document or monument; the earliest source is the book of Genesis, written down more than a thousand years after the traditional dates, and the traditional chronologies themselves disagree by nearly two centuries. So this page runs two lanes: The Line — the patriarchal narrative in its own internal sequence, every marker dashed because every position is an estimate; and The Empires — the archaeologically anchored world around it (the fall of Ur, Hammurabi’s Babylon, the Hyksos on the Nile), the fixed ruler against which the estimated lane floats. The register cites the text and the chronologies for every claim; what is missing is entered in the master register like any other source.
This page follows the period-page format, applied to estimated material: an anchored lane and an estimated lane, every estimated marker dashed, the dating basis cited per event, and the absence of contemporary attestation entered in the master source register as a first-class entry.
House rules: every event carries numbered references, linked to the master register · the register states no interpretation as an event · estimated means flagged, not resolved · the earliest attestation is cited.